A world-renowned Indian dish, biryani is a special occasion dish flavoured with a selection of exotic spices such as saffron and is layered with meat, rice, fried onions, rosewater, cashew nuts. It is then cooked covered over low heat until the entire dish is permeated with total deliciousness. There are several main types of biryani, and they are also specific to a certain community. This recipe is not for a specific region but has a combination of flavors representing many of the regions.
For the chicken marinade:
1 cup natural yogurt
6 garlic cloves, finely crushed
6cm/2½in piece ginger, finely grated
3 green chillies, finely chopped, with seeds
1 teaspoon chilli powder (optional)
1 teaspoon ground coriander
½ teaspoon ground turmeric
500g/1lb 2oz chicken thighs, cut in half
salt
For the crisp fried onions:
¾ cup vegetable oil
3 medium onions, thinly sliced
For the sauce:
10 whole cloves
6cm/2½in piece cinnamon stick
5 green cardamom pods, bruised in a pestle and mortar
2 bay leaves
1 teaspoon cumin seeds
2 medium tomatoes, chopped
1 cup chicken stock
For the rice:
600g/1lb 5oz Basmati rice
salt
To assemble:
½ cup ghee
pinch saffron soaked in 4 tablespoons warm milk for 15 minutes
2 teaspoons rosewater
2 tablespoons cashew nuts and 2 tablespoons shelled pistachios, roasted and chopped
raita, to serve
fresh coriander, picked
- In a shallow bowl large enough to contain all the chicken pieces, combine all the marinade ingredients.
- Toss to coat well and then set aside to marinate for an hour.
- For the crisp fried onions, heat the vegetable oil in a heavy bottom saucepan over a medium heat until hot.
- Add the onions and fry for 10–15 minutes, or until deep golden-brown. Remove with a slotted spoon and drain on a plate lined with kitchen paper. Set aside.
- Pour off the oil but leave about three tablespoons in the pan.
For the sauce:
- Add the whole spices to the pan and fry for one minute.
- Add the tomatoes and the stock and bring to the boil.
- Boil until the sauce is reduced to about ½ cup.
- Strain the sauce and discard the pulp. Set aside
For the chicken:
- Heat a little oil in the wiped saucepan, then add the chicken and its marinade.
- Bring to a simmer, then stir in the tomatoes sauce.
- Simmer over medium heat for 30 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through and the sauce is clinging to the chicken.
If it cooks dry, add a splash of water to the pan. It is, however, important that the sauce is almost dry by this stage and just coating the chicken.
Meanwhile cook the rice.
- For the rice, cook until done but still firm in the middle.
- Drain well.
Assemble the biryani while the rice is still hot:
You are aiming for five layers: rice, rosewater, saffron, chicken, crispy onion, cashew nuts, and repeat layers ending with rice on top. Reserve some onions and nuts to sprinkle on top.
- First pour about three tablespoons of water and half of the ghee into a deep, heavy-based cooking pot or casserole, then start the layering.
- Drizzle the remaining ghee around the edges of the rice so that it drips down the inside of the pan.
- Cover with a well-fitting lid and put over a high heat to get the ghee hot and some steam going. As soon as you see steam rising, turn down to a very low heat and cook for 30 minutes.
- Spoon out onto a large serving platter and scatter with the rest of the crisp onions and toasted cashews and pistachios.
- Serve with raita and fresh coriander.